# AWS, Azure and GCP cost optimization | Cloud Efficiency Hub Canonical: https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub Comprehensive library of cloud cost inefficiencies across AWS, Azure, GCP, Databricks, Snowflake & more. Identify and eliminate waste in IaaS and PaaS. # Cloud Efficiency Hub The industry's most comprehensive library of cloud cost inefficiencies, built to help teams identify, understand, and eliminate waste across IaaS, PaaS, and beyond. ## All inefficiencies Each entry explains the waste, the billing model behind it, how to detect it and how to fix it. / 531 inefficiencies - Azure Managed Disks CER-0338 ### [Underutilized Azure Managed Disk Reservations](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/underutilized-azure-managed-disk-reservations) Azure Managed Disk reservations allow organizations to pre-purchase Premium SSD capacity at a discounted rate by committing to a one-year term. However, these reservations operate on a strict use-it-or-lose-it basis - if reserved disk... Storage - Microsoft Fabric CER-0337 ### [Oversized Microsoft Fabric Capacity During Low-Utilization Periods](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/oversized-microsoft-fabric-capacity-during-low-utilization-periods) Microsoft Fabric capacity is billed based on the provisioned SKU tier (F2, F4, F8, F16, F64, etc.) on an hourly basis, regardless of whether workloads are actively consuming those resources. Each SKU tier provides a fixed pool of Capacity... Other - GCP GCS CER-0336 ### [Excessive API Request Cost Overhead from I/O-Intensive Workloads](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/excessive-api-request-costs-from-filesystem-style-access-on-gcs) Google Cloud Storage exposes a flat namespace through an HTTP API, but many workloads consume it through filesystem-style abstractions - FUSE mounts, Hadoop/Spark connectors, or analytic engines that enumerate prefixes to discover state.... Storage - Azure Blob Storage CER-0335 ### [Excessive Transaction Cost Overhead on Blob Storage from I/O-Intensive Workloads](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/excessive-transaction-costs-from-filesystem-style-access-patterns-on-blob-storage) Azure Blob Storage and ADLS Gen2 bill per transaction - every list, read, write, rename, and metadata operation is a separately metered API call. When organizations migrate workloads from on-premises Hadoop/HDFS environments or local... Storage - AWS S3 CER-0334 ### [Excessive S3 Request Costs from Filesystem-Oriented I/O Patterns](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/excessive-s3-request-costs-from-filesystem-oriented-i-o-patterns) Amazon S3 bills for nearly every API request - LIST, HEAD, GET, PUT, COPY, and POST - independently of storage charges (DELETE and CANCEL requests are free). Workloads originally designed for locally-provisioned storage, where listing a... Storage - AWS SageMaker CER-0333 ### [Idle SageMaker Notebook Instances Left Running Continuously](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/idle-sagemaker-notebook-instances-left-running-continuously) SageMaker notebook instances are billed continuously while in an active state - and critically, they do not automatically shut down when idle. Closing a browser tab, shutting down a Jupyter kernel, or simply walking away does not stop the... AI - Databricks CER-0332 ### [Missing Partition Pruning in Delta Lake Table Queries](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/missing-partition-pruning-in-delta-lake-table-queries-on-databricks) When Delta Lake tables are partitioned by specific columns - such as date, region, or tenant identifier - the query engine can use partition pruning to limit data scans to only the relevant subset of files. However, when queries against... Databases - GCP Cloud NAT CER-0331 ### [Excessive Data Processing Fees on High-Throughput Cloud NAT Gateways](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/excessive-data-processing-fees-on-high-throughput-cloud-nat-gateways) Cloud NAT charges a per-GiB data processing fee on all traffic routed through the gateway - both inbound responses and outbound requests. For high-throughput workloads such as web crawlers, data pipelines, container image pulls, and... Networking - AWS S3 CER-0330 ### [Orphaned MLflow Training Artifacts and Model Checkpoints in Object Storage](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/orphaned-mlflow-training-artifacts-and-model-checkpoints-in-object-storage) Machine learning experimentation workflows - particularly those managed through experiment tracking platforms - generate large volumes of artifacts in object storage. Every training run produces model checkpoints, evaluation outputs,... AI - Azure Container Registry CER-0329 ### [Overprovisioned or Idle Azure Container Registry Tier](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/overprovisioned-or-idle-azure-container-registry-tier) Azure Container Registry charges a fixed daily fee based on the selected tier - Basic, Standard, or Premium - regardless of whether the registry is actively used. This means a registry with zero image pulls, zero pushes, and no active... Other - Amazon FSx CER-0328 ### [Infrequently Accessed Data Retained on High-Performance FSx File Systems](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/infrequently-accessed-data-retained-on-high-performance-fsx-file-systems) Amazon FSx file systems are designed for performance-sensitive workloads such as shared enterprise file systems, high-performance computing, analytics, and machine learning. Storage costs are driven by provisioned capacity (measured in... Storage - AWS EC2 CER-0327 ### [Spot Instance Overreliance Without Effective Cost-Per-Performance Analysis](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/inefficiencies/spot-instance-overreliance-without-cost-per-performance-analysis) Organizations frequently pursue aggressive Spot Instance adoption based on headline discount percentages - up to 90% off On-Demand pricing - without evaluating the effective cost per unit of work completed. While Spot pricing can deliver... Compute Showing 12 of 531 ## Browse by service ### Azure - [AI Search](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-ai-search) - [AKS](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-aks) - [API Management](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-api-management) - [App Service](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-app-service) - [App Service Plans](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-app-service-plans) - [Application Gateway](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-application-gateway) - [Application Insights](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-application-insights) - [Backup](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-backup) - [Bastion](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-bastion) - [Batch](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-batch) - [Blob Storage](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-blob-storage) - [Cache for Redis](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-cache-for-redis) - [Cognitive Services](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-cognitive-services) - [Container Apps](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-container-apps) - [Cosmos DB](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-cosmos-db) - [Data Factory V2](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-data-factory-v2) - [Data Transfer](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-data-transfer) - [Database for PostgreSQL - Flexible Server](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-database-for-postgresql---flexible-server) - [Databricks](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-databricks) - [DDoS Protection](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-ddos-protection) - [DevOps](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-devops) - [Event Hubs](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-event-hubs) - [ExpressRoute](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-expressroute) - [Files](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-files) - [Firewall](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-firewall) - [Front Door](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-front-door) - [Functions](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-functions) - [Load Balancer](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-load-balancer) - [Log Analytics](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-log-analytics) - [Logic Apps](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-logic-apps) - [Machine Learning](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-machine-learning) - [Managed Disks](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-managed-disks) - [Microsoft Fabric](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/microsoft-fabric) - [Microsoft Marketplace](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-marketplace) - [Microsoft Sentinel](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/microsoft-sentinel) - [Monitor](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-monitor) - [NAT Gateway](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-nat-gateway) - [NetApp Files](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-netapp-files) - [Pipelines](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-pipelines) - [Private Link](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-private-link) - [Public IP](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-public-ip) - [Recovery Services Vault](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-recovery-services-vault) - [Reservations](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-reservations) - [Service Bus](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-service-bus) - [Snapshots](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-snapshots) - [SQL](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-sql) - [SQL Managed Instance](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-sql-managed-instance) - [Storage Account](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-storage-account) - [Synapse Analytics](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-synapse-analytics) - [Table Storage](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-table-storage) - [Virtual Desktop](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-virtual-desktop) - [Virtual Machine Scale Sets](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-virtual-machine-scale-sets) - [Virtual Machines](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-virtual-machines) - [Virtual WAN](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-virtual-wan) - [VPN Gateway](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-vpn-gateway) - [WAF](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/azure-waf) ### AWS - [API Gateway](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-api-gateway) - [Athena](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-athena) - [Aurora](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-aurora) - [Backup](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-backup) - [Batch](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-batch) - [Bedrock](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-bedrock) - [CloudFront](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-cloudfront) - [CloudTrail](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-cloudtrail) - [CloudWatch](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-cloudwatch) - [Comprehend](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-comprehend) - [Config](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-config) - [Data Transfer](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-data-transfer) - [DMS](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-dms) - [DocumentDB](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-documentdb) - [DynamoDB](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-dynamodb) - [EBS](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-ebs) - [EC2](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-ec2) - [ECR](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-ecr) - [ECS](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-ecs) - [EFS](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-efs) - [EIP](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-eip) - [EKS](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-eks) - [ElastiCache](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-elasticache) - [ELB](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-elb) - [EMR](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-emr) - [EventBridge](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-eventbridge) - [Fargate](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-fargate) - [FSx](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/amazon-fsx) - [Glue](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-glue) - [Kinesis](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-kinesis) - [Lambda](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-lambda) - [Marketplace](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-marketplace) - [MemoryDB](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-memorydb) - [MSK](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-msk) - [NAT Gateway](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-nat-gateway) - [Network Firewall](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-network-firewall) - [OpenSearch](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-opensearch) - [RDS](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-rds) - [Redshift](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-redshift) - [Route 53](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-route-53) - [S3](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-s3) - [SageMaker](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-sagemaker) - [Savings Plans](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-savings-plans) - [Secrets Manager](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-secrets-manager) - [SQS](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-sqs) - [Step Functions](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-step-functions) - [Transit Gateway](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-transit-gateway) - [VPC](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-vpc) - [WorkSpaces](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-workspaces) - [WorkSpaces Applications](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/aws-appstream-2-0) ### GCP - [BigQuery](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-bigquery) - [Bigtable](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-bigtable) - [Cloud Logging](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-cloud-logging) - [Cloud Memorystore](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-cloud-memorystore) - [Cloud Monitoring](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-cloud-monitoring) - [Cloud NAT](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-cloud-nat) - [Cloud Run](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-cloud-run) - [Cloud SQL](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-cloud-sql) - [Compute Engine](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-compute-engine) - [Data Transfer](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-data-transfer) - [Dataflow](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-dataflow) - [Dataproc](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-dataproc) - [Filestore](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-filestore) - [GCS](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-gcs) - [GKE](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-gke) - [Load Balancers](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-load-balancers) - [Marketplace](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/google-cloud-marketplace) - [Network Service Tiers](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-network-service-tiers) - [Pub/Sub](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-pub-sub) - [Resource Manager](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-resource-manager) - [Spanner](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-spanner) - [Vertex AI](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/gcp-vertex-ai) ### Databricks - [AI Search](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/databricks-ai-search) - [Clusters](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/databricks-clusters) - [Compute](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/databricks-compute) - [Databricks](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/databricks) - [Delta Lake](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/delta-lake) - [Interactive Clusters](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/interactive-clusters) - [Lakeflow Pipelines](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/databricks-lakeflow-pipelines) - [Model Serving](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/databricks-model-serving) - [Serverless Compute](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/databricks-serverless-compute) - [SQL](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/databricks-sql) - [Workflows](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/databricks-workflows) ### Snowflake - [Automatic Clustering Service](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/snowflake-automatic-clustering-service) - [Cortex AI](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/snowflake-cortex-ai) - [Materialized Views](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/snowflake-materialized-views) - [Query Processing](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/snowflake-query-processing) - [Replication](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/snowflake-replication) - [Search](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/snowflake-search-optimization-service) - [Snapshots](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/snowflake-snapshots) - [Snowpark Container Services](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/snowpark-container-services) - [Tables](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/snowflake-tables) - [Tasks and Pipelines](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/snowflake-tasks-and-pipelines) - [Virtual Warehouse](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/snowflake-virtual-warehouse) ### OCI - [Autonomous Database](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/oci-autonomous-database) - [Base Database](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/oci-base-database) - [Block Volume](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/oci-block-volume) - [Compute Instances](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/oci-compute-instances) - [Load Balancer](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/oci-load-balancer) - [Object Storage](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/oci-object-storage) - [Universal Credits](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/oci-universal-credits) ### Datadog - [APM](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/datadog-apm) - [Commitments](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/datadog-commitments) - [Custom Metrics](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/datadog-custom-metrics) - [Infrastructure Monitoring](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/datadog-infrastructure-monitoring) - [Log Management](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/log-management) - [RUM](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/datadog-rum) ### MongoDB Atlas - [MongoDB Atlas](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/mongodb-atlas) ### Anthropic - [Claude API](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/claude-api) ### OpenAI - [OpenAI API](https://www.pointfive.co/efficiency-hub/cloud-services/openai-api) --- Source: the public page above. Product screenshots and illustrative interfaces are examples, not live customer data.